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The President is elected by the National Assembly for a five year term. The President is always elected from the Assembly itself.
The office of President was created when the Socialist Republic of Vietnam was established in 1976. There have been five Presidents since that point (assuming that Nguyen Huu Tho, who was only Acting President, is not counted). From 4 July 1981, the title was changed from President to Chairman of the State Council, but was restored to President from 22 September 1992.
| Name | Took Office | Left Office | Party | |
| 1 | Ton Duc Thang | 2 July 1976 | 30 March 1980 | Communist Party |
| Nguyen Huu Tho (acting) | 30 March 1980 | 4 July 1981 | Communist Party | |
| 2 | Truong Chinh | 4 July 1981 | 18 June 1987 | Communist Party |
| 3 | Vo Chi Cong | 18 June 1987 | 22 September 1992 | Communist Party |
| 4 | Le Duc Anh | 23 September 1992 | 24 September 1997 | Communist Party |
| 5 | Tran Duc Luong | 24 September 1997 | (present) | Communist Party |
For information on the leaders of the former South Vietnam see that page.