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Home > Province of Canada


Note: for information about Canada's present-day provinces, see Provinces of Canada.

The Province of Canada was a British colony in North America, created by the fusion of the Canadas into one province by the Act of Union (1840). The former Lower Canada became known as Canada East and Upper Canada as Canada West.

The first capital was Kingston (Canada West). After 1843 the capital alternated between Toronto and Montreal, then finally was moved to Ottawa.

One of the chief purposes of the union was to assimilate French Canadians into British culture. The union notably failed to do this. In the end legislative deadlock between English and French led to a movement for a federal union. This movement led eventually to Canadian Confederation in 1867.

The Province of Canada ceased to exist upon Confederation, when it joined with the colonies of New BrunswickNew Brunswick Nouveau-Brunswick ( In Detail) ( In Detail) Motto: Spem reduxit (Hope was restored CapitalLargest city Fredericton Saint John Area Total % fresh water 11th largest(8th lgst prov. 72 908 kmē 2. 0% Population Total (2001) Density Ranked 8th 75 and Nova ScotiaNova Scotia ( In Detail) ( In Detail) Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest City Halifax Area Total % fresh water 12th largest(9th lgst prov. 55 284 kmē 3. 5% Population Total (2001) Density Ranked to form the Dominion of Canada. The Province of Canada then redivided into the provinces of OntarioOntario ( In Detail) ( In Detail) Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Loyal she began, loyal she remains Capital Toronto Largest City Toronto Area Total % fresh water 4th largest(2nd lgst prov. 1 076 395 kmē 14. 7% Population Total (2001) Density Rank and QuebecQuebec ( In Detail) ( In Detail) National Motto: Je me souviens (I remember CapitalLargest city Quebec City Montreal Area Total % fresh water 2nd largest(1st lgst prov. 1 542 056 kmē 11,5% Population Total (2004) Density Ranked 2nd 7 509 928 5,43/kmē Admi.

See also


Canadian history Ontario history Quebec history



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