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The province authority is part of the central government's executive branch; a system that hasn't changed drastically since its creation in 1634. The State of Finland is since the late 19th century bilingual. Its governmental offices and agencies use both domestic languages in contacts with the public
| No. | Provinces | Finnish and Swedish names | Residence city | Population (2003) | Area (km²) | Merged Provinces (1997) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Southern Finland | Etelä-Suomen lääni Södra Finlands län | Hämeenlinna Tavastehus | 2,116,914 | 34,378 | Uusimaa, Kymi, Tavastia |
| 2. | Western Finland | Länsi-Suomen lääni Västra Finlands län | Turku Åbo | 1,848,269 | 74,185 | Vaasa, Turku-Pori, Central Finland, Tavastia ( Pirkanmaa) |
| 3. | Eastern Finland | Itä-Suomen lääni, Östra Finlands län | Mikkeli S:t Michel | 582,781 | 48,726 | Kuopio, North Karelia, Mikkeli |
| 4. | Oulu | Oulun lääni Uleåborgs län | Oulu Uleåborg | 458,504 | 57,000 | No changes |
| 5. | Lapland | Lapin lääni Lapplands län | Rovaniemi Rovaniemi | 186,917 | 98,946 | No changes |
| 6. | Åland¹ | Ahvenanmaan lääni Ålands län² | Maarianhamina Mariehamn² | 26,000 | 6,784 | No changes |
1/ Some duties, which in Mainland FinlandMainland Finland Manner-Suomi or Fasta Finland is a term used for instance in statistics to exclude the autonomous Aland Islands under Finnish sovereignty. Mainland Finland is not to be confused with Finland Proper, that is the province adjacent to Aland. are handled by the provinces, are on the Åland Islands transferred to the autonomous Government of ÅlandThe Landskapsregering is the government of Aland, an autonomous territory of Finland. The government is lead by a Lantrad the premier of Aland, who is elected by the Lagting the parliament of Aland. The Government of Aland Alands Landskapsregering Governm.
2/ The Åland Islands are unilingually Swedish.
Each province has a State Provincial Office (Lääninhallitus/Länsstyrelse) which act as the joint regional authority for seven ministries in the following domains:
Each State Provincial Office authority is led by a Governor (Maaherra, Landshövding) who is appointed by the president after a proposal by the cabinet.