Home > Public Law 280
Public Law 280 is "a method whereby States may assume jurisdiction over reservation Indians," as stated by Arizona Supreme Court Justice Stanley G. Feldman . (State v. Zaman, 1994)Enacted by the United States Congress in 1953, Public Law 280, 18 U.S.C. § 1162, 28 U.S.C. § 1360, mandated a transfer of federal law enforcement authority within certain tribal nations to state governments in six states: California, Minnesota (except the Red Lake Nation), Nebraska, Oregon (except the Warm Springs Reservation), Wisconsin (except later the Menominee Reservation ) and, upon its statehood, Alaska. Other states were allowed to elect similar transfers of power, at the initiative of state residents. Since then, Nevada, South Dakota, Washington, Florida, IdahoIdaho ( In Detail) (Full size) State nickname: Gem State Other U. States Capital Boise Largest City Boise Governor Dirk Kempthorne Area Total Land Water % water Ranked 14th 216,632 km²214,499 km² 2,133 km²1% Population Total ( 2000) Density Ranked 39th1,2, MontanaAlternate meanings: See Montana (disambiguation Montana ( In Detail) (Full size) State nickname: Treasure State Other U. States Capital Helena Largest City Billings Governor Brian Schweitzer Area Total Land Water % water Ranked 4th 381,156 km²377,295 km², North DakotaNorth Dakota ( In Detail) ( In Detail) State nicknames: Peace Garden State ''Roughrider State ''Flickertail State Other U. States Capital Bismarck Largest City Fargo Governor John Hoeven Area Total Land Water % water Ranked 19th 183,272 km² 178,839 km² 4,, ArizonaArizona was the 48th state admitted to the United States and is part of the Southwest United States. It is one of the Four Corners states, south and east of the Colorado River, bordering New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, California and Mexico. Its major cities ar, IowaIowa Flag of Iowa (In Detail) (Full size) State nickname: "The Hawkeye State Other U. States Capital Des Moines Largest City Des Moines Governor Thomas Vilsack Area Total % water Ranked 26th 145,743 km2 0. 71% Population Total ( 2000) Density Ranked 30th, and UtahUtah ( In Detail) (Full size) State nickname: Beehive State Other U. States Capital Salt Lake City Largest City Salt Lake City Governor Olene Walker Area Total Land Water % water Ranked 13th 220,080 km² 212,988 km² 7,092 km² 3. 2% Population Total ( 2000) have assumed some jurisdiction over crimes committed by tribal members on tribal lands.
Public Law 280 added to a complex matrix of jurisdictional conflict that defined tribalTribal as a noun, refers to a type of design or image that has been influenced by tribes of indigenous peoples. Often a tribal has reference to a tattoo, due to the fact that "tribal" tattoo designs are fairly popular currently. Tribal, as an adjective, p governance at the end of the 20th century19th century 20th century 21st century more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901- 2000 in the sense of the Gre. In various states, local police, tribal police, BIA police, the FBI are the arms of a law enforcement system that enforces laws of tribes, states and the federal government.
In Public Law 280 states, local sheriffs and state law enforcement agencies take tribal members to state courts for prosecution in cases arising from criminal matters within reservation boundaries. But most tribal governments and pueblos have also adopted their own codes, and administer court systems to adjudicate violations of the code.
In states where Public Law 280 has not been applied, BIA police respond to major crimes on reservations or pueblos, and the FBI joins in investigations of the most serious criminal matters such as murders or kidnappings. In those states, when allegations against tribal members arise from crimes on a reservation, the United States Attorney cites violations of the United States Code in a United States District Court. Tribal and pueblo police also enforce local codes in "non-PL 280" states.
