 |
Business | Industries | Finance | Tax |
| Index: > A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
|
|||||
| First Prev [ 1 2 ] Next Last |
The British usage is in direct opposition to what any foreign English speaker would expect. For the US usage of the term, see public school.
The term 'public' (first adopted by Eton College) refers to the fact that the school is open to the paying public, as opposed to a religious school, which was open only to members of a certain church. It also distinguished it from a private education at home (usually only practical for the very wealthy who could afford tutors).
Some public schools are particularly old, such as Westminster (founded 1179), Winchester ( 1382), Eton ( 1440), Rugby ( 1567), Harrow ( 1572) and Charterhouse ( 1611Events November 1 At Whitehall Palace in London, William Shakespeare's romantic comedy The Tempest is presented for the first time. mo Gustavus Adolphus becomes king of Sweden Denmark attacks Sweden King James Version of the Bible first published in Engla). These were often established for male scholars from poor or disadvantaged backgrounds.
Most public schools, however, developed during the 18th and 19th centuries, and came to play an important role in the development of the VictorianJune 20, 1837) gave her name to the historic era. The Victorian Era of Great Britain is considered the height of the British industrial revolution and the apex of the British Empire. It is often defined as the years from 1837 to 1901, when Queen Victoria social elite. Under a number of forward-looking headmasters leading public schools created a curriculum based heavily on classics and physical activity for boys and young men of the upper and upper middle classes.
They were schools for the gentlemanly elite of Victorian politics, armed forces and colonial government. Often successful businessmen would send their sons to public school as a mark of participation in the elite. Much of the discipline was in the hands of senior pupils (in some schools, known as prefects), which was not just a means to reduce staffing costs, but was also seen as preparation for military or public service.
To an extent, the public school system influenced the school systems of the British empire, and recognisably 'public' schools can be found in many CommonwealthAlternative meaning: the Commonwealth of Nations The English noun Commonwealth dates originally from the fifteenth century and in different contexts indicates one of: # a nation, state or political unit # a state founded on law by agreement of the people countries.
Prior to the Clarendon Commission , a Royal CommissionIn countries that are members of the Commonwealth a Royal Commission is a major government inquiry into an issue. They have been held in countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. A Royal Commissioner has considerable powers, generally g that investigated the public school system in England between 18611861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. Events January January 1 Benito Juarez captures Mexico City January 2 Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia dies and is succeeded by Wilhelm I January 3 American Civil War: Delaware votes not to secede from the United and 1864Events January March January 21 Maori Wars: The Tauranga Campaign starts. February 27 American Civil War: The first Northern prisoners arrive at the Confederate prison at Andersonville, Georgia. March 1- Alejandro Mon Menendez takes office as Prime Minist, there was no clear definition of a public school. The commission investigated nine of the more established schools: the day schools ( Merchant Taylors'Merchant Taylors' School is a British public school, located in Northwood, in London. It was founded in 1561 by members of the Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors. A second school, Merchant Taylors' School, Crosby was founded in 1620. A third school, M and St Paul'sThis is about the St. Paul's in the United Kingdom. There is also a St. Paul's School (U. St Paul's School is a British public school, located in Barnes, in London. History St Paul's School was founded in 1509 by John Colet on a plot of land to the North) and seven boarding schools (Charterhouse, Eton, Harrow, Rugby, Shrewsbury, Westminster and Winchester). A report published by the commission formed the basis of the Public Schools Act 1868.
The Public Schools Yearbook, published in 1889, named the following 25 boarding schools:
However, it omitted the Merchant Taylors' and St Paul's day schools.
While under the best circumstances these schools were superb examples of education, the reliance on corporal punishment and the prefect system could also make them a cruel and hostile environment. The classics-based curriculum was also criticised for not providing skills in sciences or engineering.
It was Martin Wiener's opposition to this tendency which inspired his 1981 polemic "English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit: 1850-1980". It became a huge influence on the Thatcher government's opposition to old-school gentlemanly Toryism and, by default, a key reason for the recent upsurge of privately-educated pop singers in the UK.
Today most public schools are highly selective on academic grounds, as well as financial grounds (ability to pay high fees)
Defining a British public school is as complex today as it has ever been. Many fee-paying schools in the UK today do not refer to themselves as a 'public school', preferring the term ’independent school'. This is partly due to the fact that they do not share the centuries of social associations and traditions of the public school system, or the scope of the teaching and extracurricular activities.
The head teachers of major British independent schools usually belong to the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC), as distinct from the Secondary Heads' Association , and it is generally considered that any school that is a member of HMC is entitled to call itself a Public School.
In British usage, a government-run school (which would be called a 'public school' in other areas, such as the United States) is called a state school.
Amongst the oldest independent schools in the UK are (chronologically):
For a full list of independent/public schools in Britain see List of UK Independent Schools.
| Politics | Business | Finance |
 |
 |
 |
|