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The company built a company town, Pullman, on 4,000 acres (16 kmē) just south of the city limits of Chicago in 1880. The town, entirely company-owned, provided housing, markets, a library, churches and entertainment for the 6,000 company employees and an equal number of dependents. One employee is quoted as saying "We are born in a Pullman house, fed from the Pullman shops, taught in the Pullman school, catechized in the Pullman Church, and when we die we shall go to the Pullman Hell." Alcohol was prohibited in the town, as George Pullman found it a disdainful habit for his workers; though it was available in the company's Florence Hotel, primarily for the benefit of the hotel guests, but was generally too expensive for laborers.
Once a household name due to their large market share, the Pullman Company is also known for the bitter Pullman Strike staged by their workers and union leaders in 1893. During a economic downturn, Pullman reduced hours and wages but not rents leading to the strike. Workers joined the American Railway Union, led by Eugene V. Debs.
In 1898, the Illinois Supreme Court required the company to sell off the town which was annexed into the city of Chicago. Today, Pullman is a City, State and National Landmark District with an integrated population that has a strong drive towards restoration of this unique district.
After George Pullman's death in 1898, Robert Todd Lincoln, son of Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln ( February 12, 1809 April 15, 1865) was the 16th ( 1861- 1865) President of the United States, and the first president from the Republican Party. The election of Lincoln, who staunchly opposed the expansion of slavery, polarized the nation became company president. The company closed its factory in the Pullman neighborhood in 1957.
They are also remembered for the Pullman Porters, attendants of the sleeping cars. The Pullman Company hired African AmericanAfrican Americans also known as Afro- Americans or black Americans comprise an ethnic group in the United States of America whose dominant ancestry is from Sub-Saharan West Africa. Many African Americans also claim European, Native American, or Asian ances for this position. While still a menial job in many respects, it offered better pay and security than most jobs open to African Americans at the time, in addition to a chance for travel, and was a well regarded job in the African-American community of the time. Pullman porters were unionized in the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car PortersThe parking lot of the U. Post Office at 517 Wood Street was the location of the headquarters of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters . This was the brotherhood's first West Coast headquarters. The Pullman Porters' labor union was organized by A. Phili under A. Philip RandolphAsa Philip Randolph ( April 15, 1889 May 16, 1979) was a socialist active in the labor movement and the US civil rights movement. He was born in Crescent City, Florida. His father was a minister of the A. Church who moved the family to Jacksonville, Flori.
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