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The RER (pronounced "air-uh-air" in French) is the high-speed urban "super- metro" network in and around Paris in France. The initialism stands for Réseau Express Régional: Regional Express Network.
It currently consists of five lines, A to E, and interconnects with the Paris Metro. It is run jointly by the RATP (the body that runs most public transport in Paris including the buses and the metro) and SNCF (French national railways).
Its use of standard gauge and overhead power supply means that trains can run on existing urban railway lines. Most of the lines are the result of connecting existing rail lines that branch out from the rail termini through new underground tunnels across Paris. Some lines use double decker trains to achieve greater capacity.
After many years of planning, construction began on the network on July 6, 1961 with line A. The first segments to be built new involved the extension of the old Saint-Germain-en-Laye line, re-electrified using an overhead system (it had originally been electrified using third rail) on a new alignment from NanterreNanterre is a French city, a suburb of Paris, and the prefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine departement''. The La Defense district, one of the main business districts of Europe, is partially in Nanterre. The rest is in Courbevoie and Puteaux. The city of Nante through La DéfenseLa Defense is a district of high-rise offices, apartment blocks and shopping complexes over part of the communes of Nanterre, Courbevoie and Puteaux (all in the Hauts-de-Seine departement , to the west of Paris. It is named for a statue, La Defense de Par and the new stations of Auber (at the time of its construction the largest underground station in the world) and Châtelet-Les-Halles in the heart of Paris. The extension to Gare de Lyon joined up the existing Vincennes line ( BastilleBastille is a French word meaning castle' or 'stronghold'. Used as a single word ("la Bastille" in French, "the Bastille" in English) it invariably refers to the former Bastille Saint-Antoine Number 232, Rue Saint-Antoine in Paris. The storming of the Bas to Boissy-Saint-Léger ), completing the original line A. A branch of line A from Vincennes to Marne-la-Vallée was built new. This was subsequently extended to Disneyland Resort ParisDisneyland Resort Paris is a theme park in Marne-la-Vallee, near Paris. It is run by Euro Disney SCA, a corporation 39% owned by The Walt Disney Company. Construction began in 1988 and the theme park complex officially opened as "Euro Disney" on April 12,.
Line B resulted from connecting the Luxembourg terminus of the Ligne de SceauxLa Ligne de Sceaux is the traditional (unofficial) designation of a railway line connecting Paris with some of its southern suburbs. It is now part of the RATP's RER system line B. The line originally opened as a railway line in 1846, built under the supe with the Gare du Nord main line railway terminus through Châtelet-Les-Halles.
Line C was created by connecting the Gare d'Orsay railway terminus (the present-day Musée d'OrsayThe Musee d'Orsay is a museum in Paris, situated on the left bank of the River Seine. It holds mainly French art from 1848 to 1914: paintings, sculptures, furniture, objets d'art and photography. The building was originally a railway station, built in 190) with the Invalides terminus of the Rive Gauche line to Versailles along the banks of the Seine.
Line D connected the Gare du Nord with the Gare de Lyon via Châtelet-Les-Halles.
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