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Red Army and RKKA are abbreviations for "Workers' and Peasants' Red Army", (Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия - Raboche-Krest'yanskaya Krasnaya Armiya in Russian), the armed forces organised by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918. This organisation became the army of the Soviet Union since its establishment in 1922. " Red" refers to the blood shed by the working class in its struggle against capitalism.

The Red Army was created by a decree of the Council of People's Commissars on January 15 (January 28, O.S.) 1918 from the already-existing Red Guard. The official "Red Army Day" of February 23, 1918 marks the day of the first mass draft of the Red Army in Petrograd and MoscowMoscow ( Russian: Moskva capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva, and encompassing 878. The city's population is rapidly increasing, with 11. 2 million inhabitants counted in 2004. The city is in the federal district called Central Russia (which is, and of the first combat action against the occupying imperial German army. February 23 was an important national holiday in the Soviet Union, later celebrated as "Soviet Army Day", and it continues to be celebrated in present-day Russia as "Defenders of the Motherland Day". Leon TrotskyLeon Davidovich Trotsky ( Russian: ; also transliterated Trotskii Trotski Trotzky ( October 26 ( O. November 7 ( N. 1879 August 21, 1940), born Lev Davidovich Bronstein , was a Bolshevik revolutionary and Marxist intellectual. He was an influential politi, the People's Commissar for War from 1918 to 1924Centuries: 19th century 20th century 21st century Decades: 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s Years: 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 See also 1924 in aviation 1924 in film 1924 in literature 1924 in mu, is generally regarded as the founder of the Red Army.

At the beginning of its existence, the Red Army was a voluntary formation, without ranks and insignia. Officers were democratically elected. However, on May 29, 1918, obligatory military service was decreed for men of ages 18-40. To service the massive draft, regional military commissariats (военный комиссариат, военкомат (voenkomat)) were formed, which existed in this function and under this name till the very last days of the Soviet Union. Military commissariats should not be confused with the institution of military political commissars.

Every unit of the Red Army was assigned a political commissar, or politruk, who was given the authority to override unit commanders' decisions which were in opposition to the principles of the Communist Party. Although this sometimes resulted in inefficient command, the Party leadership considered political control over the military to be necessary as the Army relied more and more on experienced officers from the pre-revolutionary Tsarist period.

Lenin, Trotsky, and soldiers of the Red Army in Petrograd

The institution of professional officers, abandoned as a "heritage of tsarism", was restored in 1935. A General Staff was created from officers trained by German experts during the period of Soviet-German cooperation between the two World Wars. During the Great Purges of 1937- 1939 (and later), nearly all senior officers were executed or sent to forced labor camps as potential threats to Stalin's authority.

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Topics: Red Army Soviet War Military Union German Forces Russian...

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