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The study of religion in China is complicated by several issues. Because many Chinese belief systems have concepts of a sacred and sometimes spiritual world yet do not invoke a concept of God, classifying a Chinese belief system as either a religion or a philosophy can be problematic. Thus, some regard Confucianism and Taoism as religions, while others regard them as solely philosophies of life.
Secondly, unlike Abrahamic religion, Chinese belief systems allow for syncretism and it is common to profess a belief in multiple belief systems. It is possible for someone to claim to be a Buddhist while living life according to Taoist principles and participating in ancestor worship rituals. A Buddhist would have no trouble viewing Jesus Christ as a Bodhisattva and incorporating Christian concepts into Buddhism while the reverse is not necessarily the case.
Major belief systems that developed within China include ancestor worship, Chinese folk religion , Confucianism, shamanism, and Taoism. Most Chinese have a conception of heavenThe heavens are the sky, the celestial sphere, or outer space. Indeed, sky is the original meaning of the word Heaven''. Heaven is an afterlife concept found in many world religions or spiritual philosophies. Those who believe in heaven generally hold tha and yin and yang. The Chinese have also believed in such practices as astrologyChinese astrology ( pinyin: zhan4 xing1 shu4; pinyin: xing1 xue2; pinyin: qi1 zheng4 si4 yu2; and pinyin: guo3 lao3 xing1 zong1) is related to the Chinese calendar, particularly its 12-year cycle of animals (aka Chinese Zodiac), and the fortune-telling as, Feng ShuiFeng Shu ( literally, wind and water pronounced "fung shuway"), which originated over 7,000 years ago, is the ancient practice of placement to achieve harmony with the environment. Traditional or classical Feng Shui is an ancient Chinese proto/ethnoscienc, and geomancyGeomancy (from the Latin geo, "Earth," mancy "prophecy") is a method of divination to interpret markings on the ground or how handfuls of dirt land when you toss them. It was explained as divination (in the same sentence with pyromancy and hydromancy) in.
Historically, the emperor was regarded as the Son of Heaven , and he typically led the imperial court in performing elaborate annual rituals. He was not believed to be a deity, but rather someone who mediated between the forces of heaven and earth. A central idea of the dynastic cycle was that an unjust imperial dynasty that had lapsed into corruption could lose the Mandate of Heaven and be overthrown by a rebellion.
Influential religions introduced from abroad include Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity.
Main article: Buddhism in China
Buddhism was introduced from India during the Han dynasty and has been very popular among Chinese of all walks of life, admired by commoners, and sponsored by emperors. Estimate of Buddhists in China range from 70 million to 150 million.Main article: Taoism
Taoism is a Chinese indigenous religion. Its primary written work, the Dao De Jing is attributed to Lao Zi, who may or may not have been a real person. The philosophy is centered on 'the way', an understanding of which can be likened to recognising the true nature of the universe.
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