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On February, 1921, Reza Khan Mirpanj (رضا خان میرپنج), as was then his name and rank, staged a coup détat together with Seyyed Zia'eddin Tabatabaee , who became the prime minister. He was a military commander who had risen from the ranks to command the russian trained Cossack Brigade, becoming known as Reza Khan Sardar Sepah (رضا خان سردار سپه). He later became the Minister of War on April, 1921. Ahmad Shah Qajar finally named him Prime Minister on October 26, 1923Centuries: 19th century 20th century 21st century Decades: 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s Years: 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 Events January 1 Grouping of all UK railway companies into four larg, and left for EuropeFor the band of the same name, see Europe (band . Europe is a continent forming the westermost part of the Eurasian supercontinent. Europe is bounded to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the west by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the Mediterranean Se. His rule was formalized when he was proclaimed ShahShah (Persian: ), from the Avestan word khshathra "king", is the Persian term for a monarch and used by the former rulers of Persia (present-day Iran) as well as the rulers of the Persian Empire. The title roughly translates as Emperor in English as the m by the Iranian Assembly on December 12December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 19 days remaining. Events 627 Battle of Nineveh 1531 Apparition of Our Lady of Guadalupe, Mexico City 1787 Pennsylvania becomes the second state to ratify, 1925. He took his imperial oath on December 15, 1925 and so became the first Shah of the Pahlavi dynasty.
Out of his marriage with Taj al Molouk ( 1896Events January 4 Utah is admitted as the 45th U. January 5 An Austrian newspaper reports that Wilhelm Rontgen discovered a type of radiation later known as X-rays. January 12 H. Smith takes the first X-ray photograph. January 18 The X-ray machine is exhib– 1982) his son and successor Mohammad Reza Pahlavi of Iran was born.
In 1922 Reza Khan married a third time, Turan (Qamar al Molk) Amir Soleimani ( 1904– 1995). From this marriage a son was born (Gholam Reza), and Reza Khan divorced her soon after, in 1923.
Marching his troops from Qazvin, 150 kilometres to the west of Teheran, General Reza Khan seized key parts of the capital almost without opposition and forced the government to resign. His first post was as army commander, which he later combined with the post of Minister of War, taking at the same time the title Sardar Sepah. Until 1923 there were civilian prime ministers, but the future monarch soon increased his powers. In 1923 he became Prime Minister, and soon afterwards the last Shah of the Qajar Dynasty, Ahmad Shah was deposed and left for Europe. On December 12, 1925, the Majlis of Iran, convening as a constituent assembly, voted to crown Reza Khan as the new Shah of Persia.
On April 25, 1926, a new era began when Reza Shah placed the Imperial Iranian Crown on his own head. At the same time, his son Mohammad Reza was proclaimed Crown Prince.
Under Reza Shah's 16 years rule major roads and the Trans-Iranian Railway were built, modern education was introduced and the University of Tehran was established, and for the first time the systematical dispatch of Iranian students to Europe was conducted. Industrialization of the country was stepped up. His achievements were great, but by the mid- 1930s Reza Shah's dictatorial style of rule caused dissatisfaction in Iran.
Concerned that Reza Shah was about to align his petroleum-rich country with Nazi Germany during World War II, the United Kingdom and the USSR occupied Iran and forced him to resign in favor of his son.
He went into exile, first to Mauritius, then to Johannesburg, where he died in 1944.
| Preceded by: Ahmad Shah Qajar | Persian Shahs | Succeeded by: Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Pahlavi dynasty |
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