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Ricin is poisonous if inhaled, injected, or ingested, acting as a toxin by the inhibition of protein synthesis. There is no known antidote; only symptomatic and supportive treatment is available. Long term organ damage is likely in survivors. In small doses, such as the typical dose contained in a measure of castor oil, ricin causes digestive tract cramps. Ingested in larger doses, ricin causes severe diarrheaDiarrhea in American English, (spelt diarrhoea elsewhere) is a condition in which the sufferer has frequent and watery bowel movements. This condition can be a symptom of injury, disease or foodborne illness and is usually accompanied by abdominal pain, a and victims can die of shockThis article is about medicine. For the concept of shock in physics and mechanics, see Shock (mechanics). For the 1946 film noir starring Vincent Price, see Shock (movie In medicine, shock is a life-threatening medical emergency characterized by inability. (See abrinThe Jequirity also called Black-eyed Susan Rosary Pea or Indian Licorice Abrus precatorius , is a legume with long pinnate-leafleted leaves, whose seeds are used as beads and in percussion instruments. The seed is highly poisonous but is unlikely to harm).
Although the castor bean plantGreen algae land plants (embryophytes non-vascular embryophytes Hepatophyta liverworts Anthocerophyta hornworts Bryophyta mosses vascular plants (tracheophytes seedless vascular plants Lycopodiophyta clubmosses Equisetophyta horsetails Pteridophyta "true" has long been noted for its toxicityToxicity is a measure to the degree to which something is toxic or poisonous. The study of poisons is known as toxicology. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as a human or a bacterium or a plant, or to a substructure, such as the l, ricin was first isolatedIsolation can refer to: Isolation as a psychological phenomenon (see also Solitude). a 1984 album titled Isolation by Toto. a 1994 album titled Isolation by Therapy?. a 1996 album titled Isolation by Die Krupps. and named in 18881888 is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). In Germany, 1888 is known as the 1888 Year of Three Emperors. Events January 3 91cm telescope first used at Lick Observatory January 12 ? Blizzards in Dakota and Montana, Minnesota, Nebr by Hermann Stillmark . Modern feed-making techniques break down the ricin in castor beans by heating at 140 degrees CelsiusThe degree Celsius (°C) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius ( 1701 1744), who first proposed it in 1742. The Celsius temperature scale was designed so that the freezing point of water is 0 degrees, and the boiling po for 20 minutes, although some studies suggest that residual toxic effects may linger [1].
Ricin consists of two distinct protein chains that are linked to each other:
Many plants such as barley have the A chain but not the B chain. Since people do not get sick from eating large amounts of such products, ricin A is of extremely low toxicity if and only if the B chain is not present.
Ricin is easily purified from castor-oil manufacturing waste. The seed- pulp left over from pressing for castor oil contains on average about 5% by weight of ricin. Since 0.2 mg of purified Ricin constitutes a fatal dose, this is a considerable amount of ricin.
As few as one Castor Bean, about 3 grams, may be fatal in a child.
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