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Robert was the sole son of Walter, the 5th High Steward of Scotland (d. 1326), and Marjorie (d. 1316 in childbirth), daughter of King Robert the Bruce.
In 1318 the Scottish parliament decreed that if King Robert died without sons the crown should pass to his grandson; but the birth of a son afterwards, King David II, to Bruce in 1324 postponed the accession of Robert for nearly forty-two years. Soon after the infant David became king in 1329, the Steward began to take a prominent part in the affairs of Scotland. He was one of the leaders of the Scottish army at the battle of Halidon Hill in July 1333; and after gaining some successes over the adherents of Edward BalliolEdward Balliol (c. Edward de Baliol) the eldest son of John Balliol, was intermittently king of Scotland from 1332- 1336. Balliol, backed by Edward III of England, defeated the Regent, the Earl of Mar, at the Battle of Dupplin Moor in Perthshire. He was c in the west of Scotland, he and John RandolphJohn Randolph of Roanoke, ( June 2, 1773 May 24, 1833) was a Representative and a Senator from Virginia John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray, regent of Scotland. John Randolph, ( June 1, 1915 February 24, 2004), actor., 3rd Earl of Moray (d. 1346), were chosen as regents of the kingdom, while David sought safety in France.
The colleagues soon quarrelled; then Randolph fell into the hands of the English and Robert became sole regent, meeting with such success in his efforts to restore the royal authority that the king was able to return to Scotland in 1341Events Petrarch becomes famous Beginning of the Breton War of Succession over the control of the Duchy of Brittany Births 5 June Edmund of Langley (son of King Edward III of England) Deaths Leo V, king of Armenia (murdered) April 30 John III of Dreux, Duk. Having handed over the duties of government to David, the Steward escaped from the battle of Neville's CrossAs a consequence of the French army's defeat at the Battle of Crecy, during the Hundred Years War, King Philip VI of France appealed to his friend and ally King David II of Scotland to come to his aid by launching an attack on Northern England. In respons in 1346, and was again chosen regent while the king was a captive in EnglandEngland is the largest, the most populous, and the most densely populated of the four " Home Nations" which make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK). Occupying the south-eastern portion of the island of Great Britain, England. Soon after this event some friction arose between Robert and his royal uncle. Accused, probably without truth, of desertion at Neville's Cross, the Steward as heir-apparent was greatly chagrined by the king's proposal to make Edward III of EnglandEdward III ( 13 November 1312 21 June 1377) was one of the most successful English Kings of mediaeval times. His fifty-year reign began when his father Edward II was deposed on 25 January 1327, and lasted until 1377. Among his immediate predecessors, only, or one of his sons, the heir to the Scottish throne, and by David's marriage with Margaret Logie .
In 1363Centuries: 13th century 14th century 15th century Decades: 1310s 1320s 1330s 1340s 1350s 1360s 1370s 1380s 1390s 1400s 1410s Years: 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 See also 1363 state leaders Events Magnus II, King of Sweden, is dep he rose in rebellion, and after having made his submission was seized and imprisoned together with four of his sons, being only released a short time before David's death in February 1371Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Kogon of Japan, fourth of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Start of the reign of Emperor Go-En'yu of Japan, fifth and last of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Births May 28 John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy (+ 1419). By the terms of the decree of 1318 Robert now succeeded to the throne, and was crowned at Scone in March 1371. His reign is unimportant. Some steps were taken by the nobles to control the royal authority. In 1378 a war broke out with England; but the king took no part in the fighting, which included the burning of Edinburgh and the Scottish victory at the Battle of Otterbourne in 1388.
As age and infirmity were telling upon him, the estates in 1389 appointed his second surviving son Robert, Earl of Fife, afterwards Duke of Albany, guardian of the kingdom. The king died at Dundonald in 1390, and was buried at Scone.
His first wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Robert Mure of Rowallan, a lady who had formerly been his mistress. Robert had married her in 1336, but as the marriage had been criticised as uncanonical, he remarried her in 1349. By her he had at least four sons, including Alexander of Buchan, Robert of Albany and the successor Robert III, and six daughters. By his second wife, Euphemia, daughter of Hugh, 6th Earl of Ross, and widow of the 3rd Earl of Moray, formerly his colleague as regent, he had two sons and several daughters.
The confusion about the circumstances of his first marriage would later lead to conflict amongst the descendants of his first marriage (which included James I of Scotland) and the unquestionably legitimate descendants of his second marriage.
Robert had also eight illegitimate children, mostly by unknown mothers.
See Andrew of Wyntoun, The Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland, edited by D. Laing (Edinburgh, 1872-1879); John of Fordun, Scotichronicon, continued by Walter Bower, edited by T Hearne (Oxford, 1722); John Major, Historia majoris Britanniae, translated by A Constable (Edinburgh, 1892); and PF Tytler, History of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1841-1843).
| Preceded by: David II | King of Scots | Succeeded by: Robert III |
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