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Rzeczpospolita ( pronounced: [ʒεʧpɔs'pɔλita], zhech-pohs-POH-lee-tah) is a Polish calque translation of the Latin expression res publica ("public affair"). It has been used in Poland since at least 16th century, originally to denote any democratic state. Today, however, it is used solely in reference to the Polish State. Any other republic is referred to as republika in Polish.The present-day official name Rzeczpospolita Polska is usually translated into English as "Republic of Poland". However, such translation, when talking about the 16-18th century Poland, may be confusing since in those times the Rzeczpospolita was a monarchy. For that period Rzeczpospolita is translated rather as " Commonwealth" (which is another English version of the Latin res publica), as in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The word Rzeczpospolita is also used as a name for three periods in Poland’s history:
- First Rzeczpospolita ( 1505- 1795)
- Second Rzeczpospolita ( 1918Events January January 8 President Woodrow Wilson announces his " Fourteen Points" for the aftermath of World War I. February February 3 The Twin Peaks Tunnel begins service in San Francisco as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world (11,920 feet long).- 1939Events January-June January 2 End of term for Frank Finley Merriam, 28th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Culbert Levy Olson. January 24 Earthquake kills 30. 000 in Chile about 50. 000 sq mi razed January 26 Falangists take Barcelona January 26)
- Third RzeczpospolitaIn the 1970s and 1980s the whole system in Poland was deeper and deeper in the crisis and was beginning to crumble as was the whole Eastern bloc with the USSR as the fading superpower. With the advent of " perestroika" in the Soviet Union under Mikhail Go (since 19891989 is a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). Events January January 7 Akihito becomes Emperor of Japan following the death of Hirohito. The Heisei period begins January 8 the Kegworth Air Disaster A British Midland Boeing 737 cra)
See also:
- Rzeczpospolita szlachecka ( Nobles' Commonwealth / Republic)
- Rzeczpospolita Krakowska ( Republic of KrakówThe Free City of Krakow ( Polish: Wolne Miasto Krakow , also known as Republic of Krakow Rzeczpospolita Krakowska , was a city-state created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and controlled by its three neighbors, Russia, Prussia and Austria until 1846.)
- Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa ( People's Republic of PolandThe People's Republic of Poland ( Polish Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa PRL) was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1989, during its period of rule by the Communist party, officially called the Polish United Workers' Party Polska Zjednoczona Partia Ro)
Rzeczpospolita is also the title of one of Poland's leading daily newspaperBrookgreen Gardens Pawleys Island, South Carolina A newspaper is a lightweight and disposable publication, usually printed on low-cost paper called newsprint, containing a journal of current news in a variety of topics. These topics can include politicals.
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Politics of PolandGovernment and Political conditions in Poland The current government structure consists of a council of ministers led by a Prime Minister, typically chosen from a majority coalition in the bicameral legislature's lower house. The president elected every 5
