A sabbatical year is a prolonged hiatus, typically one year, in the career of an otherwise successful individual taken in order to fulfill some dream, e.g. writing a book or travelling extensively. Some universities and other institutional employers of scientists, physicians and/or academics offer a paid sabbatical as an employee benefit.
1 See also
Sabbatical year (Bible) - every seventh year, during which the land, according to the law of Moses, had to remain uncultivated.