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Home > Seven Years' War

The Seven Years' War ( 1756– 1763) pitted Great Britain, Prussia and Hanover against France, Austria, Russia, Sweden, and Saxony. It was the first " world war"; most major European nations were involved, and the conflict spanned the globe with different theaters on the European continent, as well as in present day Canada, the United States, IndiaThe Republic of India is a large multicultural country in South Asia, with a population of over one billion. The Indian economy is the fourth largest in the world, in terms of purchasing power parity, and is the world's second-fastest growing economy., coastal AfricaAfrica is the world's second-largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. 30,244,050 km2 (11,677,240 mi2) including the islands, it covers 20. 3% of the total land area on Earth, and with over 800 million human inhabitants it accounts for ar, PhilippinesThe Republic of the Philippines is an island nation consisting of an archipelago of 7,107 islands, lying in the tropical western Pacific Ocean about 100 kilometers southeast of mainland Asia. Spain (1521-1898) and the United States (1898-1946), colonized and the CaribbeanThe Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. These islands curve southward from the bottom tip of Florida to the Northwest of Venezuela in South America. There are at least 7000 islands, islets, reefs and cayes in the regio.

The North American phase of this conflict is known in the United States of America as the French and Indian War. Many of the Indians ( Native Americans/ First Nations) sided with France although some did fight alongside the British. The name "Seven Years' War" is used in North America to refer only to the European portions of the conflict (1756–1763), not the nine-year North American conflict or the Indian campaigns which lasted 15 years (including Pontiac's Rebellion).

The conflict in India is termed the 2nd Carnatic War while the fighting between Prussia and Austria is called the 3rd Silesian War.

1 Roots

The Seven Years War may be viewed as a continuation of the War of the Austrian Succession. During that conflict, king Frederick II of Prussia had gained the rich province of Silesia. Empress Maria Theresa of Austria had only signed the peace Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in order to rebuild her military forces and to forge new alliances.

This she had done with remarkable success. The political map of Europe had been redrawn in a few years. Century old enemies France, Austria and Russia formed a single alliance against Prussia. Prussia had only the protection of Great Britain, which saw its Hanoverian possession threatened by France. Great Britain's alliance with Prussia was a logical complement. The British already had the most formidable navy in Europe, Prussia had the most formidable land force on continental Europe and thus allowed Britannia to rule the seas, as well as exert some influence on mainland Europe. Furthermore, this allowed Britain to focus her soldiers towards her colonies.

The Austrian army had undergone an overhaul according to the Prussian system. Maria Theresa, whose knowledge of military affairs shamed many of her generals, had pressed relentlessly for reform. Her interest in the welfare of the soldiers had gained her their undivided respect.

The second cause for war was formed by the heated colonial struggle between Great Britain and France.

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Topics: Seven Years' War Battle Prussia Frederick French Army Britain...

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