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After the capture of its leader Abimael Guzman in 1992, it has only been sporadically active. Shining Path's ideology and tactics have been copied by other Marxist guerrilla groups, notably the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) in Nepal.
Shining Path was founded in the late 1960s by former university professor Abimael Guzmán under the alias Presidente Gonzalo ("Chairman" or "President" Gonzalo), whose teachings created the foundation of its militant Maoist doctrine. It was an offshoot of the Communist Party of Peru – Bandera Roja ("red flag"), which in turn split from the mainline Communist Party of Peru in 1964. When Peru's military government allowed elections for the first time in a dozen years in 1980, Shining Path was one of the few insurrectionary groups which declined to take part, instead launching a guerrilla war by attacking election booths in the highlands of the province of Ayacucho.
Between 1973 and 1975Events January January 1 Watergate scandal: John N. Mitchell, H. Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman are found guilty of the Watergate cover-up and are sentenced to 30 months to 8 years in jail on February 21 January 5 The Tasman Bridge in Tasmania, Australia, i, Shining Path was able to control the student councils in the Universities of Tacna and Huanuco , and was able to gain an important presence in the University of Engineering in Lima and the San Martin de Porres University . After some time, Shining Path decided to abandon the universities under the slogan "Retake Mariátegui", and set the objective of "reconstructing the party".
In 1977For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). Events January 1 First woman Episcopal priest ordained January 6 EMI sacks the Sex Pistols January 18 Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious " legionnaire's disease" Januar they started the task of taking the armed fighting from the provinces to the cities. In the beginning of 1980, they had a clandestine celebration in Ayacucho of the IX Plenary of their Central Committee. They formed a "Revolutionary Directorate" that was political and military, and ordered their militias to transfer to strategic areas in the provinces, to start the "armed revolution". In May 17, 1980, as their "First act of war", Shining Path burned ballot boxes in the town of Chuschi , Ayacucho, on the eve of the Presidential elections. The group advocates boycott of elections.
Throughout the 1980sMillennia: 1st millennium 2nd millennium 3rd millennium Centuries: 19th century 20th century 21st century Decades: 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s Years: 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 Events and trends, Shining Path grew in both the territory it controlled and the number of militants in its organization. By 19911991 like 2002, is a palindromic year. It also has the same calendar as 2002, including Easter on March 31. It is a common year starting on Tuesday. Events January January 2 Sharon Pratt Dixon is sworn in as mayor of Washington, DC becoming the first blac, it had control of much of the countryside of the center and south of Peru and had a large presence in the outskirts of LimaLima is the capital and the largest city in Peru. It is situated in a valley fed by the Rimac river, in the desert coast of the country near its Pacific port of Callao. Total population (1995 estimate): 6,117,489, approximately one-third of which lives in, Peru's capital city, where it mounted attacks against civilians and the infrastructure.
On February 15, 1992, Shining Path assassinated Maria Elena MoyanoMaria Elena Moyano Delgado ( November 29, 1958 February 15, 1992) was a Peruvian women's activist. In 1980 she became the secretary of the Organization of the popular federation of women of Villa el Salvador (Organizacion de la Federacion Popular de Mujer, a leader of the popular women's movement of Peru.
On September 12September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). There are 110 days remaining. Events 490 BC Athens defeats Persia at the Battle of Marathon 1213 Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon, died at the Battle of Muret. 1609 Henry Hudson discov, 1992, Guzmán was captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well. At the same time, Shining Path suffered embarrassing military defeats to campesino self-defense organizations — supposedly its social base — and the organization fractured into splinter groups. Guerrilla activity diminished sharply thereafter, with peace returning to many of the areas where Shining Path had been most active.
In addition to fighting the Peruvian government, Shining Path also engaged in armed conflicts with Peru's other major Peruvian guerrilla group, the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA), with campesino self-defense groups organized by the Peruvian armed forces, and with legally-recognized parties of the Peruvian Left.
According to the "Commission of Truth & Reconciliation" (CVR) that was created in Peru, in a neutral study of the violence in Peru in the previous decades[1], the total number of deaths and/or dissapearances of people caused by terrorism and its consequences was 69,280. Of those, 22,507 were fully identified as dead and 46,773 were anonymous dissapearances. Shining Path was directly responsible for the death of 12,561 people.
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