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by Binney & Smith Inc. It is another one of those scientific accidents on the way to solving another problem: finding a rubber substitute for the United States during World War II.
Silly Putty is a .47- ounce glob of a plastic clay with unusual characteristics. It is packaged inside of an egg-shaped plastic container. When pressed on comics pages or other newspaper media, the loose ink transfers to the Silly Putty, which is then able to be stretched out, a source of amusement for many children. It bounces, revealing its rubber roots, it breaks when given a sharp blow, it can flow like a liquid when it is slowly stretced, or will melt into a puddle over a long enough period of time.
These unusual flow characteristics occur because Silly Putty is a viscoelastic liquid. Viscoelasticy is a type of non-newtonian flow, and indicates that the material will act as a viscous liquid over a long time period, but will act as an elastic solid over a short time period. Silly Putty has sometimes been characterized as a dilatantA dilatant material is one which is liquid or semi-liquid when standing but solidifies quickly when subjected to vibratory, sideways forces like shaking. It is not common; the opposite property, called thixotropy, is more usual. The most common example of fluid, however according to the science of rheologyContinuum mechanics Rheology is the study of the deformation and flow of matter. The term rheology was coined by Eugene Bingham, a professor at Lehigh University, in 1920, from a suggestion by Markus Reiner, inspired by Heraclitus's famous expression pant this is not strictly correct; it is more accurate to characterize it as a viscoelastic liquid. Silly Putty is primarly composed of the polymerA polymer is a long, repeating chain of atoms, formed through the linkage of many molecules called monomers. The monomers can be identical, or in complex polymers such as proteins the monomers have one or more substituted chemical groups, this gives them known as polydimethylsiloxanePolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the most widely used silicon-based organic polymer, and is particularly known for it's unusual rheological (or flow) properties. It is optically clear, and is generally considered to be inert, non-toxic and non-flammable., which is known for its dramatic viscoelastic character.
Since the 1980sMillennia: 1st millennium 2nd millennium 3rd millennium Centuries: 19th century 20th century 21st century Decades: 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s Years: 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 Events and trends, Silly Putty has been available in various colors, including glow-in-the-dark and metallic, and colors can be easily combined to make new color shades.
The origins of Silly Putty are controversial, as is typical of many inventions. Two researchers, working independently during the same time period, both came upon the product separately. The world may never know who was actually first.
Silly Putty was accidentally invented by James Wright of General ElectricGeneral Electric Company or GE is a multinational technology and services company, one of the world's largest corporations. While it still uses its full name for legal purposes, it prefers to use the abbreviation GE in the names of its component businesse when he dropped boric acidProperties General Name Boric acid Chemical formula H B O Appearance White solid Physical Formula weight 61. 8 amu Melting point Decomposes at 442 K (169 °C) Density 1. 4 ×103 kg/ m3 Crystal structure ? Solubility 5. 7 g in 100g water Thermochemistry &Del into siliconeSilicones or polysiloxanes , are inorganic polymers consisting of a silicon- oxygen backbone (. Si-O-Si-O-Si-O-. with side groups attached to the silicon atoms. Certain organic side groups can be used to link two or more of these -Si-O- backbones together oil. He was looking for a substitute for artificial rubber. GE supplied the newly discovered dilatant compound to researchers around the world. None found a use for it, but they all loved playing with it.
In 1943, Dr. Earl Warrick left the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research to join the newly formed Dow Corning Corporation. His research was refocused – help the war effort by developing a synthetic rubber substitute. Although he failed to produce a suitable rubber before the end of the war, one result of his experiments was a silicone bouncing putty.
The product was then commercialized by Peter Hodgson in 1949 after the marketing expert attended an informal "nutty putty" party. Renamed "Silly Putty" because of its main ingredient, Silicone, the product was a smash hit.
Raw Silly Putty polymer is available as Dow Corning 3179 Dilatant Compound. There are recipes for homemade silly putty using glue and boric acid. These produce a compound which is similar in chemical structure but is different in the elements which form that structure.
According to an MIT web page on inventions:
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