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Home > Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the de facto standard for email transmission across the Internet.

SMTP is a relatively simple, text-based protocol, where one or more recipients of a message are specified (and in most cases verified to exist) and then the message text is transferred. It is quite easy to test a SMTP server using the telnet program. SMTP uses TCP port 25. To determine the SMTP server for a given domain name, the MX (Mail eXchange) DNS record is used..

SMTP started becoming widely used in the early 1980s. At the time, it was a complement to UUCP which was better suited to handle e-mail transfers between machines that were intermittently connected. SMTP, on the other hand, works best when both the sending and receiving machines are connected to the network all the time.

Since this protocol started out as purely ASCIIASCII A merican S tandard C ode for I nformation I nterchange , generally pronounced 'aski', is a character set and a character encoding based on the Roman alphabet as used in modern English and other Western European languages. It is most commonly used b text-based, it did not deal well with binary files. Standards such as MIMEMultipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME is an Internet Standard for the format of e-mail. Virtually all Internet e-mail is transmitted via SMTP in MIME format. Internet e-mail is so closely associated with the SMTP and MIME standards that it is sometim were developed to encode binary files for transfer through SMTP. Today, most SMTP servers support the 8BITMIME extension, permitting binary files to be transmitted almost as easily as plain text.

SMTP is a "push" protocol that does not allow one to "pull" messages from a remote server on demand. To do this a mail client must use POP3Post Office Protocol version 3 POP3 is an application layer Internet standard protocol used to retrieve email from a remote server to a local client over a TCP/IP connection. Nearly all individual Internet service provider email accounts are accessed via or IMAP. Another SMTP server can trigger a delivery in SMTP using ETRNETRN (Extended Turn) is an extension to the SMTP e-mail protocol. ETRN is defined in RFC 1985. It enables a mail server to request a second mail server to forward it outstanding mail messages. The second mail server should initiate a new SMTP connection b.

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