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Their programme was in the democratic socialist mold and garnered much support amongst Russia's rural peasantry who in particular supported their programme of land-socialisation as opposed to the Bolshevik programme of land-nationalisation. Their policy platform could be broadly described as left-wing, although more moderate than that of the Bolsheviks.
The Russian Revolution of February, 1917 brought the SRs a more prolific political role, with one of their members Alexander Fedorovich Kerensky joining the liberal government, eventually becoming the head of government.
In 1917 the SRs split between those who supported the Provisional Government, established after the February Revolution, and those who supported the Bolsheviks who favoured a communist revolution. Those who supported revolution became known as Left Socialist-Revolutionaries (Left Esers) and in effect split from the main party, which has become known as Right Esers.
The SRs faded after the October Revolution brought the Bolsehviks to power although in the elections to the Constituent Assembly they proved to be the most popular party across the country, gaining some 40% of the popular vote as opposed to the Bolsheviks 25%. However, the Bolsheviks disbanded the Assembly and thereafter the SRs become of less political significance, although some left-SRs did become part of the government of the Soviet Union, although they resigned their posistions after the Treaty of Brest-LitovskThe Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, at Brest, formerly "Brest-Litovsk", between Russia and the Central Powers, marking Russia's exit from World War I. The treaty was practically obsolete before the end of the year but i was signed. A few left-SRs joined the Communist PartyFor other usage of the initials CPSU see CPSU (disambiguation). The Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( Russian: was the name used by the successors of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party from 1952 to 1991, but the wordin.
Many SRs fought for the GreensThe Green Army which functioned during the Russian Civil War, had its roots in nonpolitical, anarchist or nationalist movements, and formed a "third force" in contradistinction both to the Reds and to the Whites. The war took an especially brutal form in in the Russian Civil WarThe Russian Civil War was fought between 1918 and 1920. Following the success of the Russian Revolution, the new Russian ( Bolshevik) government made peace with Germany at the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ratified on March 6 1918. This negotiated peace was th alongside MensheviksThe Mensheviks were a faction of the Russian revolutionary movement that emerged in 1903 after a dispute between Vladimir Lenin and Julius Martov, both members of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. At the second congress of the RSDLP, Lenin argue and other banned moderate socialist elements. A SR Fanya KaplanFanya Kaplan (1883-1918), a. Fanny Kaplan was a political revolutionary and an attempted assassin of Vladimir Lenin. Kaplan was born into a peasant family, one of seven children. She became a political revolutionary at an early age and joined a socialist tried to assassinate Lenin in response to their proscription. The largest Tambov Rebellion against Bolsheviks was led by an eser Alexander Antonov .
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