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The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. It was founded in 1534 by a group of University of Paris graduate students led by Iņigo Lopez de Loyola (Ignatius of Loyola).1 Foundation
On August 15, 1534, Ignatius and six other students ( Peter Faber, Francis Xavier, Alfonso Salmeron, James Lainez, and Nicholas Bobadilla, Spaniards, and Simon Rodrigues , a Portuguese) met in Montmartre outside Paris, probably near the modern Chapel of St Denys, Rue Antoinette, and binding themselves by a vow of poverty and chastity, founded the Society of Jesus - to "enter upon hospital and missionary work in Jerusalem, or to go without questioning wherever the pope might direct".
In 1537Events January 6 Alessandro de Medici assassinated August 25 The Honourable Artillery Company, the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior, was formed. Pope Paul III publishes the encyclical Sublimis Deus, which declares they travelled to ItalyThe Italian Republic or Italy ( Italian: Italia is a country in the south of Europe, consisting mainly of a boot-shaped peninsula together with two large islands in the Mediterranean Sea: Sicily and Sardinia. To the north, where it borders France, Switzer to seek papal approval for their order. Pope Paul IIITitian (Tiziano Vecelli), Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples Paul III ne Alessandro Farnese ( February 29, 1468 November 10, 1549) was pope from 1534 to 1549. He also called the Council of Trent in 1545. Born Alessandro Farnese in Carino, in Tuscany, gave them a commendation, and permitted them to be ordained priestA priest or priestess is a holy man or woman who takes an officiating role in worship of any religion, with the distinguishing characteristic of offering sacrifices. Priests have been known since the earliest times and in the simplest societies (see shamas. They were ordained at VeniceVenice ( Italian Venezia German Venedig , the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto, population 271,073 (2001). The city stretches across numerous small islands in a marshy lagoon along the Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy. The saltwater l by the bishop of Arbe ( June 24June 24 is the 175th day of the year (176th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 190 days remaining. Events 1128 Battle of St. Mamede, near Guimaraes. Portuguese forces led by Afonso I beat his mother D. Teresa and D. Fernao Peres de Trava.). They devoted themselves to preaching and charitable work in Italy, as the renewed war between the emperor, Venice, the pope and the Ottoman Empire rendered any journey to Jerusalem inadvisable.
With Faber and Lainez, Ignatius made his way to Rome in October, 1538, to have the pope approve the constitution of the new order. A congregation of cardinals reported favorably upon the constitution presented, and Paul III confirmed the order through the bull Regimini militantis ( September 27, 1540), but limited the number of its members to sixty. This limitation was removed through the bull Injunctum nobis ( March 14, 1543). Ignatius was chosen as the first superior-general. He sent his companions as missionaries around Europe to create schools, colleges, and seminaries.
Ignatius wrote the Jesuit Constitutions, adopted in 1554, which created a monarchical organization and stressed absolute self-abnegation and obedience to Pope and superiors (perinde ac cadaver, "[well-disciplined] like a corpse" as Ignatius put it). His main principle became the Jesuit motto: Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam ("all things for the greater glory of God").
