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Population: 250,000. Population of the metropolitan area (in French: aire urbaine) at the 1999 census was 612,104. Including the part of the metropolitan area which is on German territory, population was estimated in 1999 at around 650,000.
Strasbourg is an important centre of manufacturing and engineering, as well as of road, rail and river communications. It is the seat of the Council of Europe and the European Court of Human Rights and it hosts the new seat of the European Parliament after the asbestos scandal in the 1980s.
Strasbourg is situated on the Ill River, where it flows into the RhineAt 1,320 km (820 miles), the Rhine River ( German Rhein French Rhin Dutch Rijn is one of the longest rivers in Europe. Its name is derived from the Celtic word renos (meaning "raging flow"). Together with the Danube it formed most of the northern frontier on the frontier with GermanyThe Federal Republic of Germany ( German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland is one of the world's leading industrialized countries, located in the middle of the European Union. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark and the Baltic Sea, to the east. The German town across the river is KehlKehl is a town in southwestern Germany in the Ortenaukreis, Baden-Wurttemberg. It is located at the river Rhine, directly opposite to Strasbourg. As of 2003 it has a population of 33,976. External links http://www. de Towns in Baden-Wurttemberg..
The city is known for its sandstoneSandstone is an arenaceous sedimentary rock composed mainly of feldspar and quartz and varies in colour (in a similar way to sand), through grey, yellow, red, and white. Since sandstones often form highly visible cliffs and other rock formations, certain gothicGothic architecture characterizes any of the styles of European architecture, particularly associated with cathedrals and other churches, in use throughout Europe during the high and late medieval period, from the 12th century onwards. It was succeeded by cathedralA Cathedral is a Christian church that serves as the central church of a bishopric. As cathedrals are often particularly impressive edifices, the term is sometimes also used loosely as a designation for any large important church. The term is not official, and for its medieval cityscape of RhinelandThe Rhineland Rheinland in German) is the general name for the land on both sides of the river Rhine in the west of Germany. A geographical term originally, it has also acquired some political and cultural connotations, becoming a political entity as the black and white timber-framed buildings, particularly in the Petite-FrancePetite-France is an area in Strasbourg, Alsace, France. It is located on the Grande Ile (Main Island), where the River Ill splits up into a number of canals, and cascades through a small area of half-timbered houses. The name "Petit France" was created by district alongside the river Ill, which has been declared a World Heritage site by the UNESCO.
At the site of Strasbourg, the Romans established a military outpost and named it Argentoratum. It belonged to the Germania Superior Roman province. From the 4th century, Strasbourg was the seat of a bishopric.
The Alamanni fought a battle against Rome in Strasbourg in 357. They were defeated by Julian, later Emperor of Rome, and their king Chonodomarius was taken prisoner. On January 2, 366 the Alamanni crossed the frozen Rhine in large numbers, to invade the Roman Empire. Early in the 5th century the Alamanni appear to have crossed the Rhine, conquered and then settled what is today Alsace and a large part of Switzerland.
The town was occupied successively in the 5th century by Alamanni, Huns and Franks. In 842, Strasbourg was the site of the Oath of Strasbourg.
A major commercial centre in the later Middle Ages, it became in 1262 an Imperial Free City of the Holy Roman Empire, with a broad-based city government from 1332. The minster of Strasbourg was completed in 1439, and became the World's Tallest Building, surpassing the Great Pyramid of Giza. During the 1520s the city embraced the religious teachings of Martin Luther, whose adherents established a university in the following century.
Annexing Strasbourg in September 1681, France was confirmed in possession of the city by the Treaty of Ryswick ( 1697). The official policy of religious intolerance which drove many Protestants from France after the Edict of Fontainebleau ( 1685) was not applied in Strasbourg, as the Edict of Nantes ( 1598) had still been in effect in France at the time of the city's annexation. With the growth of industry and commerce, the city's population tripled in the 19th century to 150,000.
Annexed to the newly-established German Empire, as part of Alsace-Lorraine, in 1871 following the Franco-Prussian War ( Treaty of Frankfurt), the city was restored to France after World War I, in 1919 by the Treaty of Versailles. It was again part of Germany during World War II, from 1940 to 1945.
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