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| Tiger
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| Panthera tigris (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Tigers (Panthera tigris) are mammals of the Felidae family, one of four " big cats" that belong to the Panthera genus. Tigers are predatory carnivores.
Tigers are easily recognizable by their stripes and their tawny fur color, which may range from yellow to orange (the white tiger is one notable exception).
Most tigers live in forests and grasslands (for which their camouflage is ideally suited). Of all the big cats, only the tiger and jaguar are strong swimmers, and tigers may often be found bathing in ponds, lakes and rivers. Tigers hunt alone, and their diet consists primarily of medium-sized herbivores such as elk, deerAbout 15 in 4 subfamilies. Defined strictly, a deer is a ruminant mammal belonging to the family Cervidae . A number of broadly similar animals, from related families within the order Artiodactyla, are often also called deer''. Depending on the species, m, wild pigsThe domestic pig is usually given the scientific name Sus scrofa though some authors call it S. domesticus reserving S. scrofa for the wild boar. It has been a domesticated animal for approximately 5,000 to 7,000 years. The animal is found across Europe, and buffaloA buffalo is one of several species of bovine. It includes the Asian genus Bubalus among which are the water buffalo, the anoa and the tamaraw, and the African genus Syncerus most famous member of which is the Cape buffalo. The word buffalo is also often, but they will also take larger or smaller prey if the circumstances demand it.
Different subspecies of tiger have somewhat different characteristics. In general, male tigers may weigh between 150 and 310 kilograms (330 lb and 680 lb) and females between 100 and 160 kg (220 lb and 350 lb). The males are between 2.6 and 3.3 metresFor other uses of "metre" and "meter", see Metre (disambiguation). The metre is the basic unit of length in the International System of Units (SI: Systeme International d'Unites). It is defined as the length of the path travelled by light in absolute vacu (8'6" and 10'9") in length, and the females are between 2.3 and 2.75 metres (7'6" and 9') in length. Of the more common subspecies, Corbetts Tigers are the smallest and Amur Tigers the largest.
The ground of the coat may be any colour from yellow to orange/red, with white areas on the chest, neck, and the inside of the legs. A common recessive variant is the white tiger, which may occur with the correct combination of parents; they are not albinos. Black or melanisticMelanism is an increased amount of black or nearly black pigmentation (as of skin, feathers, or hair) of an individual or kind of organism. Leopards, Pumas and Jaguars with this condition are often called Panthers. However, Leopards, Jaguars, Lions and Ti tigers have been reported, but no live specimen has ever been recorded. Also in existence are golden tabby tigers (also called "golden tigers" or "tabby tigers") which have a golden hue, much lighter than the colouration of normal tigers, and stripes that are brown. This variation in colour is very rare, and only a handful of golden tabby tigers exist, all in captivity.
The stripes of most tigers vary from brown/grey to pure black, although white tigers have far fewer apparent stripes. The form and density of stripes differs between subspecies, but most tigers have in excess of 100 stripes. The now extinct Javan Tiger may have had far more than this. The pattern of stripes is unique to each animal, and thus could potentially be used to identify individuals, much in the same way as fingerprints are used to identify people. This is not, however, a preferred method of identification, due to the difficulty of recording the stripe pattern of a wild tiger. It seems likely that the purpose of stripes is camouflage, serving to hide these animals from their prey (few large animals have colour vision as capable as that of humans, so the colour is not so great a problem as one might suppose).
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