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| Tomato
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| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Solanumlycopersicum Linnaeus
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The tomato is believed to have been first cultivated by in ancient Peru, where several wild species of green tomatoes still grow. Then about three thousand years ago it was brought to Mexico. It is an offshot of the Mexican lineage L. esculentum cerasiforme which is thought to be the direct ancestor of the modern tomato. The pottery of ancient Peruvian city-states do not appear to mention the tomato, this has led some botonists to conclude that the cultivation of the tomato was done in Mexico. However this is not conclusive as many other fruits in continous cultivation in Peru are not present in the pottery, and much horticultural knowledge was lost after the arrival of Europeans, and finally, the Christian ChurchThe term Christian Church expresses the idea of Christianity (the Christian religion) seen in its role as an institution. The phrase the Church in its widest sense (as "the Body of Christ") has a similar breadth. In practice the monolithic "Christian Chur had a policy of burning all pagan books and quartering their keepers.
In the 16th15th century 16th century 17th century more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. Events Beginning of the " Little Ice Age" a cooling period that resulted in lower crop yi and 17th centuries16th century 17th century 18th century more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601- 1700. During this period, the power of England and the United Provinces increased; while that of, many Europeans believed tomatoes were poisonous because of the plant's relationship to nightshade and tobaccoacuminata N. alata N. attenuata N. bigelovil N. clevelandii N. debneyi N. excelsior N. exigua N. forgetiana N. glutinosa N. kawakamii N. knightiana N. langsdorffii N. longiflora N. obtusifolia N. otephora N. paniculata N. plumbagifolia N. quadrivalvis N., although they were grown as garden ornamentals.
The first traces of use of tomato as food date back to South Europe in the first half of the 18th century17th century 18th century 19th century more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701- 1800; however, historians will sometimes specifically refer to the 18th Century as 1715- 89,. Only in the second half of the 19th century cultivation of the tomato as food begins to be widespread, mainly in southern Italy and in France.
Vincenzo Corrado, a cook in the neapolitan court, describes recipes with tomatoes in the book
Il cuoco galante, first edition 1773, adding more recipes with tomatoes in the 1819 edition.In 1809, Nicolas Appert, a chef from Paris, published
L'art de conserver le substances alimentaires d'origine animale et végétale pour plusieurs années, a book on food conservation where he deals also with preserving tomato. Thomas Jefferson was a pioneer in growing tomatoes, beginning in 1809. He grew large ribbed "Spanish" tomatoes. Jefferson's daughters left numerous recipes that involved tomatoes, including gumbo soups, cayenne-spiced tomato soup, green tomato pickles, tomato preserves, and tomato omelettes. Tomatoes were purchased in 1806 for Presidential dinners. Randolph's The Virginia Housewife has seventeen recipes for tomatoes, including gazpacho, gumbo, and catsup. In an 1824 speech before the Albemarle Agricultural Society, Jefferson's son-in-law, Thomas Mann Randolph discussed the transformation of Virginia farming due to the introduction of new crops. He mentioned how tomatoes were virtually unknown ten years earlier, but by 1824 everyone was eating them because they believed they kept one's blood pure in the heat of summer."[1]Some lingering doubts about the safety of the tomato in the United States were largely put to rest in 1820, when Colonel Robert Gibbon Johnson announced that at noon on September 28, he would eat a basket of tomatoes in front of the Salem, New Jersey courthouse. Reportedly, a crowd of more than 2,000 persons gathered in front of the courthouse to watch the poor man die after eating the poisonous fruits, and were shocked when he lived.
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