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In the West, TCM is often considered alternative medicine, while in both Mainland China and on Taiwan, TCM is widely considered to be an integral part of the health care system. (The term TCM is sometimes used specifically within the field of Chinese Medicine to refer to the standardized set of theories and practices introduced in the mid- 20th century under the government of Mao, as distinguished from other theories and practices such as Worsley's
Five Element Acupuncture or the kyo/jitsu theory of ShizutoMasunaga's Zen shiatsu. However we use the more general sense here.)
TCM developed as a form of pre-modern therapeutic intervention (also described as
folk medicine) or traditional medicine, rooted in ancient religious belief systems. Chinese medical practitioners before the 19th century relied essentially on observation, trial and error. Like their counterparts in the West, they had a very different understanding of infection which predated the discovery of bacteria, virusA common alternate meaning of virus is computer virus. Other meanings, as well as a discussion of pluralization, are at plural of virus''. bacteriophage (left center); an animal virus (top right); and a retrovirus (bottom right). Viruses depend on the hoses ( germ theory of diseaseThe germ theory of disease states that many diseases are caused by microorganisms, and that microorganisms grow by reproduction, rather than being spontaneously generated. Microorganisms were first observed by Anton van Leeuwenhoek. Louis Pasteur demonstr) or cellstained for keratin The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms. Some organisms, such as bacteria, are unicellular, consisting of a single cell. Other organisms, such as humans, are multicellular, (humans have an estimated 100,0ular structures and little knowledge of organic chemistryOrganic chemistry is the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and synthesis of organic compounds. Organic nomenclature Organic nomenclature is the system established for naming and grouping organic compounds. Aliphatic co, relying mainly on a medical theory describing the nature of infections and remedies as well as tradition to guide their courses of treatment.Unlike these other forms of traditional medicine which have largely become extinct, traditional Chinese medicine continues as a distinct branch of modern medical practice, and within China, it is an important part of the public healthPublic Health is an aspect of Health Services concerned with threats to the overall health of the population of a community based on population health analysis. It generally includes infectious disease surveillance and infectious disease control and promo care system. There are thousands of years of empirical knowledgeEmpirical or A posteriori knowledge is propositional knowledge obtained by experience. It is contrasted with a priori knowledge, or knowledge that is gained through the apprehension of innate ideas, " intuition," "pure reason," or other non-experiential s about TCM on its own terms, and in recent decades there has been an effort to place traditional Chinese medicine on a firmer Western scientificFor the scientific journal named Science see Science (journal). Science is both a process of gaining knowledge, and the organized body of knowledge gained by this process. The scientific process is the systematic acquisition of new knowledge about a syste empirical and methodological basis as well as efforts to integrate Chinese and Western medical traditions.
That this effort has occurred is surprising to many for a number of reasons. In most of the world, indigenous medical practices have been supplanted by practices brought from the West, while in Chinese societies, this has not occurred and shows no sign of occurring. Furthermore, many have found it peculiar that Chinese medicine remains a distinct branch of medicine separate from Western medicine, while the same has not happened with other intellectual fields. There is, for example, no longer a distinct branch of Chinese physics or Chinese biology.
In the West, TCM is usually regarded as a form of alternative medicine (CAM). TCM is used by some to treat the side effects of chemotherapy, treating the cravings and withdrawal symptoms of drug addicts and treating a variety of chronic conditions that conventional medicine is claimed to be sometimes ineffective in treating. TCM has also been used to treat antibiotic-resistant infections.
In China, practitioners of Chinese medicine tend to perform functions which in the West would be performed by allied health professional s such as
nutritionists, pharmacists, nurses, chiropractors physical therapists and other rehabilition specialists. Chinese medicine hospitals also perform some emergency medicine such as prevention and treatment of shock and seizure. The general distinction made by Chinese in China is that Western medicineinvolves cutting while Chinese medicine involves manipulation. Hence medical procedures such as bone setting or chiropractic spinal manipulation tends to be seen as Chinese, while surgery tends to be seen as Western.
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