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| Turmeric
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Turmeric rhizomes | ||||||||||||||||
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| Curcuma longa Linnaeus |
Turmeric is a member of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae.
Turmeric has many healthful properties and is taken in some Asian countries as a dietary supplement to help with stomach problems and other ailments. It is popular served as a tea in Okinawa, Japan.
It is also used in product systems that are packaged to protect them from sunlight. The oleoresin is used for oil-containing products. The curcumin/ polysorbate solution or curcumin powder dissolved in alcohol is used for water containing products. Over-colouring, such as in pickles, relishes and mustard, is sometimes used to compensate for fading.
Turmeric has found application in canned beverages, baked products, dairy products, ice cream, yoghurts, yellow cakes, biscuits, popcorn-colour, sweets, cake icings, cereals, sauces, gelatines, direct compression tablets, etc. In combination with Annatto (E160b) it has been used to colour cheeses, dry mixes, salad dressings, winter butter and margarine.
Investigations into the low incidence of colorectal cancer amongst ethnic groups with a large intake of curries compared with the indigenous population have discovered that some active ingredients of Turmeric appear to have anti-cancer properties. Curcumin specifically stops the growth of cancer cells in some tumors by inhibiting kinaseIn biochemistry, a kinase is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from, for example, ATP to a specified substrate or target; the process is termed " phosphorylation". Typically, the target is "activated" or "energized" by being phosphorylated.s [1]. Second stage trials of a Turmeric-based drug to treat cancer are currently underway, and several drugs on the market (for example, Iressa) use the same method to treat tumors.
Large doses are not recommended in cases of gallstones, obstructive jaundiceJaundice technically known as icterus is yellowing of the skin, sclera (eyes) and mucous membranes caused by increased levels of bilirubin in the system. Usually the concentration of bilirubin in the blood must exceed 2-3mg/dL for the coloration to be eas, acute bilious colic and toxic liver disorders.
Active substance of turmeric is polyphenolPolyphenols are a group of vegetable chemical substances, characterized by the presence of more than one phenolic group. Their phenolic reactions produce gelatines, alkaloids and other proteins. The polyphenols are responsible for the coloring of some pla curcumin, also known as C.I. 75300, or Natural Yellow 3. Systematic chemical name is (1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione. It can exist at least in two tautomeric forms, keto and enol. The keto form is preferred in solid phase and the enol form in solution.
| keto form | enol form |
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