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The Type VIIA boats were designed in 1933 and 1934 as the first of a new generation of attack U-boats. They were popular with their crews and much more powerful than the smaller Type II U-boats they replaced, with four bow and one stern torpedo tubes. They typically carried 11 torpedoes onboard. They were very agile on the surface, and mounted the 88mm fast-firing deck gun with about 160 shells.
Ten Type VIIA boats were built between 1935 and 1937. All but two (U-29 and U-30, both scuttled in Kupfermühlen Bay on May 4, 1945) Type VIIA U-boats were sunk during World War Two.
General characteristics:
The only significant drawback of the VIIA was the limited fuel capacity, so 24 Type VIIB boats were built between 1936 and 1940 with an additional 33 tons of fuel in external saddle tanks which added another 2500 miles of range at 10 knots on the surface. They were slightly faster than the VIIA, and had two rudders for even greater agility. They had the same armament as the VIIA (except U-83 , which lacked a stern tube), but could carry three additional torpedoes.
Type VIIB included many of the most famous U-boats of World War II, including U-48 (the most successful), Prien's U-47, Kretschmer's U-99 , and Schepke's U-100 .
General characteristics:
The Type VIIC was the workhorse of the German U-boat force, with 568 commissioned from 1940 to 1945. Boats of this type were built throughout the war. The first VIIC boat commissioned was the U-69 in 1940. The Type VIIC was an effective fighting machine and was seen almost everywhere U-boats operated, although their range was not as great as that of the larger IX types. The VIIC came into service as the "Happy Days" at the beginning of World War II were almost over, and it was this boat that saw the final defeat by the Allied anti-submarine campaign in late 1943 and 1944.
Type VIIC was a slightly modified version of the successful VIIB. They had very similar engines and power, but were larger and heavier which made them slightly slower than the VIIB. Many of these boats were fitted with the Schnorchel in 1944 and 1945.
They had the same torpedo tube arrangement as their predecessors, except for U-72 , U-78 ,
U-80 , U-554 , and U-555 , which had only two bow tubes, andfor U-203 , U-331 ,
U-351 , U-401 , U-431 , and U-651 ,which had no stern tube.
Perhaps the most famous VIIC boat was U-96, which was featured in the movie Das BootWorld War II films Das Boot is a movie directed by Wolfgang Petersen, adapted from a novel of the same name by Lothar-Gunther Buchheim. Hans-Joachim Krug, former first officer on U-219, served as a consultant. The movie is the story of a single mission of.
General characteristics:
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