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| Established: | March 3, 1849 |
| Activated: | March 8, 1849 |
| Secretary: | Gale Norton |
| Deputy Secretary: | J. Steven Griles |
| Budget: | $10.7 billion (2004) |
| Employees: | 71,436 (2004) |
The United States Department of the Interior (DOI) is a Cabinet department of the United States government that manages and conserves most federally-owned land. These responsibilities are quite different than Interior Departments of other nations, which tend to focus on police or security. The U.S. Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations.
It is administered by the United States Secretary of the Interior, who by tradition generally comes from a Western state.
A department for domestic concerns was first considered by the First Congress in 1789, but those duties were placed in the Department of StateThe United States Department of State often referred to as the State Department is the Cabinet-level foreign affairs agency of the United States government, equivalent to foreign ministries in other countries. It is administered by the United States Secre. Its proposal continued to percolate for a half-century and was supported by Presidents from James MadisonJames Madison Order 4th President Term of Office March 4, 1809 March 3, 1817 Followed Thomas Jefferson Succeeded by James Monroe Date of Birth March 16, 1751 Place of Birth Port Conway, Virginia Date of Death June 28, 1836 Place of Death Montpelier, Virgi to James K. PolkJames Knox Polk ( November 2, 1795 June 15, 1849) was an American politician and the eleventh U. President, serving from March 4, 1845 to March 4, 1849. Polk was born in North Carolina, but primarily lived in and represented the state of Tennessee. A Demo. The 1846Events January 5 The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Territory with the United Kingdom February 5 The Oregon Spectator becomes the first newspaper on the Pacific coast of the United States. February 10 Many Mormons- 481848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). Events Sri Lanka The Revolution of 1848 (qv. a series of widespread but failed struggles for more liberal governments, from Brazil to Hungary. January 24 California gold rush: Jame Mexican-American WarThe Mexican-American War was a war fought between the United States and Mexico between 1846 and 1848. It is also called the US-Mexico War . In the US it is also known as the Mexican War in Mexico it is also known as the North American Invasion of Mexico t gave the proposal new steam as the responsibilities of the federal government grew. President Polk's Secretary of the TreasuryThe United States Secretary of the Treasury is the finance minister of the Federal Government of the United States. He or she is head of the United States Department of the Treasury, concerned with finance and monetary matters and, until 2003, some issues, Robert J. Walker became a vocal champion of creating the new department.
In 1848, Walker stated in his annual report that several federal offices were placed in departments with which they had little to do. He noted that General Land Office had little to do with the Department of the Treasury. He also highlighted the Indian Affairs office in the Department of War and the Patent Office in the State Department. He argued that all should be brought together in a new Department of the Interior. A bill authorizing its creation passed the House of Representatives on February 15, 1849, and spent just over two weeks in the Senate.
The Department was established on March 3, 1849, the eve of President Zachary Taylor's inauguration, when the Senate voted 31 to 25 to create the Department. Its passage was delayed by Congressional Democrats who were reluctant to create more patronage opportunities for the incoming Whig administration.
Many of the domestic concerns the Department originally dealt with were gradually transferred to other Departments. Other agencies became separate Departments, such as the Bureau of Agriculture, which later became the Department of Agriculture. However, land and natural resource management, Native American affairs, wildlife conservation, and territorial affairs remain the responsibilities of the Department of the Interior
As of mid- 2004, the Department managed 507 million acres (2,050,000 kmē) of surface land, or about one-fifth of the land in the United States. It manages 476 dams and 348 reservoirs through the Bureau of Reclamation, 388 national parks, monuments, seashore sites, battlefields, etc. through the National Park Service, and 544 national wildlife refuges through the Fish and Wildlife Service. Energy projects on federally managed lands and offshore areas supply about 28 percent of the nation's energy production.
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