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The original UVF formed in January 1913 by Edward Carson and James Craig as a militia in the tensions surrounding the potential success of the third Home Rule campaign. Serious conflict was only avoided in the short-term by the outbreak of World War I. Many UVF men, naturally, enlisted, mostly with the British 36th (Ulster) Division. The men suffered heavy casualties in July 1916 during the Battle of the Somme. Certain remnants of the group reformed in 1920 and were used as special constables (B-Specials) for a short time.
The current UVF formed to oppose the demands of Northern Ireland nationalists for Civil Rights in the mid 1960sCenturies: 19th century 20th century 21st century Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s Years: 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 Events and trends The 1960s was a turbulent decade of change around. The group was concentrated around East AntrimEast Antrim is a Parliamentary Constituency in the House of Commons and also an Assembly constituency in the Northern Ireland Assembly. Boundaries The seat was created in boundary changes in 1983, as part of an expansion of Northern Ireland's constituenci, County ArmaghCounty Armagh Ard Mhacha in Irish) is a county on the island of Ireland. County Armagh is known by some as the Orchard of Ireland because the land is so fertile. Its main town is Armagh. Armagh is one of the six counties that form the political entity of and the ShankillShankill is an area in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The area, and the Shankill Road in particular, is famous for being at the centre of the political tensions in Northern Ireland. Greater Shankill has a population of around 5000. The area is predominantly P district of BelfastThis article is about the city of Belfast in Northern Ireland. See also: Belfast (disambiguation). Belfast is the largest city in Northern Ireland and the Irish Province of Ulster, with a population of 277,391. It is the seat of government for Northern Ir. The murder of a Belfast barman in June 1966 led to the first leader of the group, Augustus 'Gusty' Spence , being arrested and sentenced to 20 years. The UVF is also considered responsible for a series of attacks on utilities installations in 1969For other uses, see Number 1969. For the movie, see 1969 (movie). Events January January 1 Australian media baron Rupert Murdoch purchases the largest selling British Sunday newspaper The News Of The World January 5 The Derry Riots leave over 100 people i. A bomb in a Belfast bar that killed fifteen people in December 19711971 is a common year starting on Friday (click for link to calendar). Events January January 1 British divorce Reform Act comes into force January 2 66 die in stairway crush at Rangers v Celtic football match, Glasgow, Scotland. See Ibrox disaster. Janua is attributed to the UVF as is the murder of the SDLPThe Social Democratic and Labour Party SDLP — Irish: Pairti Soisialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre is the smaller of the two major nationalist parties in Northern Ireland. The SDLP is also a social democratic party, and is affiliated to the Socialist Intern politician Paddy Wilson in 1972.
The group was proscribed in July 1966, but this was lifted in April 1974 in an effort to bring the UVF into more recognized democratic processess. The UVF spurned the government efforts and a subset of the UVF dubbed the Shankill Butchers demonstrated their feelings. The group was possibly responsible for the bombs in Dublin and Monaghan of May 17, 1974 when 33 people were killed and it was certainly to blame for the October 2, 1974 deaths of twelve civilians as well as a number of other attacks. The group was returned to illegality on October 3 and two days later 26 suspected UVF members were arrested in a series of raids. The men were tried and in March 1977, and they were sentenced to an average of 25 years each. In the 1980s the UVF was greatly reduced by a series of informer s, starting in 1983 with Joseph Bennett's information leading to the arrest of fourteen senior figures..
The UVF joined the Combined Loyalist Military Command in 1990 and indicated its acceptence of the moves towards peace. The UVF agreed to a ceasefire in October 1994. More militant members of the UVF broke away in 1996 to form the Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF). The UVF has been fighting with the LVF since then and in mid 2000 they also clashed with the largest Loyalist group, the Ulster Defence Association (UDA). The overt clash with the UDA ended in December following seven deaths.
The strength of the UVF is uncertain, it peaked in the early 1970s at possibly over 1,000 but its current strength is around 150 activists - those members prepared to carry out its attacks. The UVF weaponry is limited to small arms, with its sporadic bombing efforts being made using stolen mining explosives.
The Red Hand Commandos is an organisation that was established in 1972, but it is so closely linked with the UVF that it is generally regarded as simply a cover name.
The UVF have committed more killings than any other Protestant paramilitary organisation. Although exact figures vary depending on source, the UVF has killed around 400 people (as of 2003).
The Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) is the political group most closely reflecting the views of the UVF. The Young Citizen Volunteers (YCV) is the youth section of the UVF.
Terrorist organizations in Northern Ireland| Politics | Business | Finance |
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