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Johnson was born in Kammin (now Kamien Pomorski , Poland). At the end of World War II in 1945, he fled with his family to Mecklenburg; his father died in a Soviet internment camp (Fünfeichen). The family eventually settled in Güstrow, where he attended John-Brinckman-Oberschule 1948- 1952. He went on to study German philology, first in RostockRostock (slavic origin: roztoc is a city in northern Germany. It is the largest city in the State of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Rostock is located on the Warnow river; the quarter of Warnemunde 12 km north of the city centre lies directly on the coast ( 1952- 54Events January events January 14 The Hudson Motor Car Company merges with Nash-Kelvinator forming the American Motors Corporation January 14 Marilyn Monroe weds Joe DiMaggio. January 15 Mau Mau leader Waruhiu Itote is captured in Kenya January 20 The Nati), then in LeipzigLeipzig [ˈlaiptsɪç] ( Sorbian/Lusatian: Lipsk is the largest city in the federal state ( Bundesland) of Saxony in Germany. The name is derived from the Slavic word (see Sorbian) Lipsk (settlement where the linden trees stand). It is s ( 1954Events January events January 14 The Hudson Motor Car Company merges with Nash-Kelvinator forming the American Motors Corporation January 14 Marilyn Monroe weds Joe DiMaggio. January 15 Mau Mau leader Waruhiu Itote is captured in Kenya January 20 The Nati- 561956 is a leap year starting on Sunday. see link for calendar) Events January January 1 End of Anglo- Egyptian Condominium in Sudan. January 16 President Gamal Abdal Nasser of Egypt vows to reconquer Palestine January 26 1956 Winter Olympic Games open in). His Diplomarbeit (undergraduate thesis) was on Ernst BarlachErnst Barlach ( January 2 1870 in Wedel, Pinneberg, Germany October 24 1938 in Rostock, Germany) was a famous German expressionist sculptor. He also worked as a graphic designer and writer. While he was a supporter of the war in the years leading to World. Due to his lack of political support for the CommunistThis article is about communism as a form of society, as an ideology advocating that form of society, and as a popular movement. For issues regarding the organization of the communist movement, see the Communist party article. For issues regarding one-par regime of East GermanyFor the historical eastern German provinces, see Eastern Germany East Germany officially the German Democratic Republic GDR , German Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR , was a Communist Party-led state that existed from 1949 to 1990 in the former Soviet, he was suspended from the University June 17, 1953, but was later reinstated.
Beginning in 1953, he worked on the novel Ingrid Babendererde, rejected by various publishing houses and unpublished during his lifetime.
In 1956, his mother left for West Berlin. As a result, he was not allowed to work a normal job in the East. Unemployed for political reasons, he translated Herman Melville's Israel Potter: His Fifty Years of Exile (the translation was published in 1961) and began to write the novel Mutmassungen über Jakob, again rejected by several publishing houses, before being published in 1959 by Suhrkamp in West Berlin. Johnson himself moved to the West at this time. There, he promptly became associated with Gruppe 47 , which Hans Magnus Enzensberger once described as "the Central Café of a literature without a capital." [1]
During the early 1960s, he continued to write and publish fiction, but supported himself largely as a translator, mainly of from English-language works, and as an editor. He travelled to America in 1961; the following year he was married, had a daughter, received a scholarship to Villa Massimo, Rome, and won the International Publishers' Formentor Prize .
1964 - for the Berliner Tagesspiegel, Reviews of GDR television programmes boycotted by the West German press (published under the title "Der 5. Kanal", "The Fifth Channel", 1987)In 1965, he travelled again to America and edited Bertolt Brecht's Me-ti. Buch der Wendungen. Fragmente 1933-1956 (Me-ti: the Book of Changes. Fragments, 1933-1956). From 1966 through 1968 he worked in New York City as a textbook editor at Harcourt, Brace & World. During this time (in 1967 he began work on his masterwork, the Jahrestage and edited Das neue Fenster (The new window), a textbook of German-language readings for English-speaking students learning German.
On January 1, 1967 protestors from his own West Berlin apartment building founded Kommune 1 . Johnson first learned about it by reading it in the newspaper. Returning to West Berlin in 1969, he became a member of the West German PEN Center and of the Akademie der Künste (Academy of the Arts). In 1970, he published the first volume of his masterwork, the Jahrestage (Anniversary). Two more volumes were to follow in the next three years, but the fourth volume would not appear until 1983.
Meanwhile, in 1972 he became Vice President of the Academy of the Arts and had a lectureship on Max Frisch's Tagebuch 1966-1971. In 1974, he moved to Sheerness-on-Sea on the English Channel Island of Sheppey; shortly after, he broke off work on Jahrestage due to partly to health problems and partly to writer's block.
This was not a completely unproductive period. He published some shorter works and continued to do some work as an editor. In 1977, he was admitted to the Darmstädter Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung ( Darmstadt Academy for Speech and Writing); two years later he informally withdrew. In 1979 he gave a series of Lectures on poetics at the University of Frankfurt (published posthumously as Begleitumstände. Frankfurter Vorlesungen).
In 1983, the fourth volume of Jahrestage was published, but he broke off a reading tour due to health reasons. Johnson died February 22, 1984 in Sheerness-on-Sea in England. His body was not found until March 13 of the same year. At the time of his death, he had been planning a one-year stay in New York City.
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