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Home > Valence

See also: Valency (lists valence numbers for certain atoms)

In linguistics, valence refers to the number of arguments that a verb can take. For example, a monovalent verb (e.g., "sleep") cannot take a direct object ("He sleeps," versus "He sleeps it."). A trivalent verb has three arguments (e.g., "give" has the giver, the givee, and the thing given).

For a more detailed explanation, see verb.

In psychology and neuroscience, valence refers to the emotional value associated with a stimulus; e.g., a familiar face can have positive valence.

In mathematics, the valence of a vertex v is the number of edges that are incident on v. Consider a cube: three edges meet at a vertex, so each vertex has a valence equal to three.

Valence is the name of several communes of France:

• Valence , in the Charente département
• Valence, préfecture (capital) of the Drôme département
• Valence , in the Tarn-et-GaronneTarn-et-Garonne Details Information Number82 Region Midi-Pyrenees Prefecture Montauban Subprefecture Castelsarrasin Population Total 1999 Density Ranked 86th 206,034 55 /km² Area3,718 km² Arrondissements 2 Cantons 30 Communes 195 President of the general département

also:

• Valence-d'Albigeois , in the TarnDepartement deu Tarn Details Information Number81 Region Midi-Pyrenees Prefecture Albi Subprefecture Castres Population Total 1999 Density Ranked 65th 343,402 60 /km² Area5,758 km² Arrondissements 2 Cantons 46 Communes 324 President of the general council département
• Valence-en-Brie , in the Seine-et-MarneSeine-et-Marne Details Information Number77 Region Ile-de-France Prefecture Melun Subprefecture Fontainebleau Meaux Provins Torcy Population Total 1999 Density Ranked 12th 1,193,767 202 /km² Area 5,915 km² Arrondissements 5 Cantons 43 Communes 514 Preside département
• Valence-sur-Baïse , in the GersGers Details Information Number32 Region Midi-Pyrenees Prefecture Auch Subprefectures Condom Mirande Population Total ( 1999) Density Ranked 89th 172,335 28 /km² Area6,257 km² Arrondissements 3 Cantons 31 Communes 463 President of the general council Loca département

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Topics: Valence Departement Verb Number Vertex Electrons Arguments...

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ValenceValence is a scientific term in chemistry to describe electrons in the outermost orbital. Valence electrons are used by atoms in chemical reactions and are generally the most important factor in determining which reactions can and cannot take place, espec Valence bandIn solids, the valence band is the highest range of electron energies where electrons are normally present at zero temperature. In semiconductors and insulators, there is a bandgap above the valence band, followed by a conduction band above that. In metal Valence, DrômeValence is a commune in south-eastern France, the capital of the departement of Drome, situated on the left bank of the Rhone, 65 miles south of Lyon on the railway to Marseille. History Known in ancient times as Valentia the city was the capital of the S Valence shellThe valence shell is the outermost shell of an atom, which contains the electrons most likely to account for the nature of any reactions involving the atom and of the bonding interactions it has with other atoms. Electrons in the valence shell are referre Valence effectThe valence effect of prediction is the tendency for people to simply overestimate the likelihood of good things happening rather than bad things. Valence" refers to the positive or negative emotional charge something has. This finding has been corroborat Valence electronIn chemistry, valence electrons are the electrons contained in the valence shell of an atom, and which are likely to participate in a chemical reaction through bonding with other atoms or molecules. See chemical bonding. Valence bond theory