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Voters at the voting booths in the US in 1945 Voting is a method of decision making wherein a group such as a meeting or an electorate attempts to gauge its opinion -- usually as a final step following discussions or debates. Alternatives to voting include consensus decision making (which works to avoid polarisation and the marginalisation of dissent) and betting (as in an anticipatory democracy).

In a democracy, voting commonly implies election, i.e. a way for an electorate to select among candidates for office. In politics voting is the method by which the electorate of a democracy appoints representatives in its government.

A vote, or a ballot, is an individual's act of voting, by which he or she express support or preference for a certain motion (e.g. a proposed resolution), a certain candidate, or a certain selection of candidates. A secret ballot, the standard way to protect voters' political privacyPolitical privacy has been a concern since voting systems emerged in ancient times. The secret ballot is the simplest and most widespread measure to ensure that political views are not known to anyone other than s/he voting it is nearly universal in moder, generally takes place at a polling stationA polling station is where voters attend to cast their ballot in an election as part of the voting process in a democracy. They are located in venues usually used for other purposes, such as schools, sports halls or local government offices, and will each. (Compare postal ballot.)

Nevertheless, a country's having an election featuring the populace casting votes does not necessarily mean the country is democratic. Many authoritarian governments have "elections" but the candidates are pre-chosen and approved by elites, there is no competition, voter qualifications are restrictive, and voting is often a sham.

In some democracies, such as AustraliaAustralia is the sixth-largest country in the world (geographically), the only one to occupy an entire continent, and the largest in the region of Australasia. Australia includes the island of Tasmania, which is an Australian State. Its neighbouring count, voting in a national election is not optional, but mandatory, on penalty of a significant fine.

1 Standard vote types

Different voting systemUS in 1945 Voting systems are methods ( algorithms) for groups of people to select one or more options from many, taking into account the individual preferences of the group members. Voting is often seen as the defining feature of democracy, and is best ks use different types of vote. Suppose that the options in some election are Alice, Bob, Charlie, Daniel, and Emily.

In a voting system that uses a single vote, the voter can select one of the five that they most approve of. First past the post uses single votes. So, a voter might vote for Charlie. This precludes him voting for anyone else.

In a voting system that uses a multiple vote, the voter can vote for any subset of the alternatives. So, a voter might vote for Alice, Bob, and Charlie, rejecting Daniel and Emily. Approval votingMajority Choice Approval Approval voting is a voting system used for elections, in which each voter can vote for as many or as few candidates as the voter chooses. It is typically used for single-winner elections but can be extended to multiple winners. uses such multiple votes.

In a voting system that uses a ranked vote, the voter has to rank the alternatives in order of preference. For example, they might vote for Bob in first place, then Emily, then Alice, then Daniel, and finally Charlie. A great many voting systems use ranked votes. See preference voting.

In a voting system that uses a scored vote (or range vote), the voter gives each alternative a number between one and ten (the upper and lower bounds may vary). See range voting.

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Topics: Vote Voting System Voter Charlie Bob Votes Emily Daniel Alice...

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Voting systemUS in 1945 Voting systems are methods ( algorithms) for groups of people to select one or more options from many, taking into account the individual preferences of the group members. Voting is often seen as the defining feature of democracy, and is best k Voting paradoxThe voting paradox is a situation noted by the Marquis de Condorcet in the late 18th century, in which collective preferences can be cyclic (i. not transitive), even if the preferences of individual voters are not. This is paradoxical, because it means th Voting Rights ActThe United States Voting Rights Act of 1965 outlawed requiring would-be voters to take literacy tests and provided for federal registration of African American voters in areas that had less than 50% of eligible voters registered. It was signed into law by Voting machineElections A voting machine is a device to record and register votes to be counted as per any voting system, with or without printing a ballot for the voter to verify. Some view it as an even more secure improvement on a secret ballot and the manual system Voting ageThe voting age is the minimum legal age at which a person may vote in a governmental election. Voting ages around the world Australia: 18 Austria: 18 (16 in some cities & states) Brazil: 16-18, 70+ (voluntary suffrage); 18-70 (mandatory suffrage) Canada: Voting rights in the United StatesIn United States History, there have been three similar, but somewhat separate, movements for voting rights . Each has brought about an amendment to the United States Constitution, and each has been a product of, and also brought about, social change. Voting rights Voting bloc Voting system criterion