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XFree86 consists of client libraries used to write X applications ("clients"), and an X server responsible for the display. Client and server communicate via the X protocol, which allows to run clients and server on different computers.
The XFree86 server communicates with the host operating systems kernel (most typically the Linux kernel) to drive input and output devices, with the exception of graphics cards. These are generally managed directly by XFree86, so it includes its own drivers for all graphic cards a user might have. Some cards are supported by vendors themselves via binary-only drivers.
Since version 4.0, XFree86 has supported (some) accelerated 3D graphics cards via the GLX and DRI extensions.
Because the server usually needs low level access to graphics hardware, on many configurations it needs to run as the rootFor other meanings of root, see Root (disambiguation). In vascular plants, roots form the portions of a plant which generally lie below the level of the soil (cf. stem, rhizome). But this is not always characteristic for a root, since a root can also be a user, or a user with UID 0. However, on some systems and configurations it is possible to run the server as a normal user—this is called 'rootless X'.
It is also possible to use XFree86 in a framebuffer deviceThe Linux framebuffer (fbdev) is a graphic hardware-independent abstraction layer to show graphics on a console without relying on system-specific libraries such as svgalib or the heavy overhead of the X Window System. It was originally implemented to all, which in turn uses a kernel graphics card driver.
On a typical POSIX-system, the directory /etc/X11 includes the configuration files. The basic configuration file is /etc/x11/XF86Config (or XF86Config-4) that includes variables about the screenThe term screen has a number of meanings: A window screen is a wire mesh that covers a window opening to keep out insects even when the window is open. Screen is also a synonym for film or movie as in the expression "Silver Screen" or the Screen Actors Gu (monitor), keyboardA computer keyboard is a peripheral modelled after the typewriter keyboard. Keyboards are designed for the input of written text, and also to control the operation of the computer. Physically, computer keyboards are an arrangement of rectangular or near-r and graphics card. The program xf86config is often used, although xf86cfg also comes with the XFree86 server and is certainly friendlier. Many Linux distributions include a configuration tool that is easier to use (such as Debian's debconf) or autodetects most (if not all) settings ( Red Hat Linux and Fedora Core's Anaconda, SuSE's YaST and Mandrake Linux chose this path).
The project began in 1991 when David Wexelblat , Glenn Lai , David Dawes and Jim Tsillas joined forces addressing bugs in the X11 X386 source code (written by Thomas Roell ). This version was initially called X386 1.2e. As newer versions of the original X386 was being sold commercially by Roell under the name Accelerated-X, the project was renamed XFree86 as a pun. (Compare X-three-eighty-six to X-free-eighty-six.)
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